Classification ntawm Refractory Raw Materials

Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm high kub technology. Cov kev cai rau cov ntaub ntawv refractory yog tas li nce, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshiab refractory yuav tsum tau tsim kom tau raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev siv. Ntxiv rau kev khawb cov khoom siv raw, cov khoom siv hluavtaws hluavtaws kuj tau tsim ua tiav, xws li carbides, nitrides, borides, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv raw ntawm inorganic fibers thiab hollow pob (saib cov rwb thaiv tsev kub thiab cov ntaub ntawv refractory) kuj tau ua. tsim kho; muaj ntau yam organic binders thiab inorganic binders nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv pab raw khoom. Hais txog kev faib cov khoom siv raw khoom, cov teb chaws hauv ntiaj teb tsis zoo ib yam. Raws li cov khoom siv tshuaj, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov khoom siv acidic refractory raw cov ntaub ntawv, cov khoom siv raw refractory thiab nruab nrab refractory raw khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv refractory feem ntau muab faib ua Al2O3-SiO2 series refractory raw cov ntaub ntawv, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob refractory, cov ntaub ntawv kub rwb thaiv tsev refractory raw khoom, refractory binders, thiab lwm yam refractory raw khoom.
Al2O3-SiO2 series refractory raw cov ntaub ntawv muaj xws li silica, semi-siliceous av nplaum (xws li pyrophyllite), refractory av nplaum (xws li kaolinite) thiab nws clinker, bauxite (muaj sillimanite minerals, diaspore, mullite pob zeb) thiab nws cov clinker, industrial alumina, thiab lwm yam.
1. Semi-acid raw khoom (feem ntau yog refractory av nplaum)
Hauv kev faib tawm yav dhau los, av nplaum tau teev ua cov khoom siv acidic, uas yog qhov tsis tsim nyog. Lub hauv paus acidic ntawm refractory raw cov ntaub ntawv yog raws li dawb silica (SiO2), vim hais tias raws li cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm refractory av nplaum thiab siliceous raw cov ntaub ntawv, dawb silica nyob rau hauv refractory av nplaum yog ntau tsawg tshaj li siliceous raw cov ntaub ntawv. Vim hais tias muaj 30 feem pua ​​~ 45 feem pua ​​alumina nyob rau hauv dav refractory av nplaum, thiab alumina yog tsis tshua muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug dawb lub xeev, nws yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog silica los ua kaolinite (Al2O3 2SiO2 2H2O), txawm tias muaj silica ntau dhau. Tsawg heev thiab tsawg heev. Yog li ntawd, cov acidity ntawm refractory av nplaum yog qhov tsis muaj zog ntau dua li cov khoom siv raw siliceous.
Qee cov neeg xav tias cov av nplaum refractory decomposes rau hauv dawb silicic acid thiab dawb alumina ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tab sis nws tsis nyob twj ywm tsis hloov. Dawb silicic acid thiab dawb alumina yuav ua ke los ua Yinglai pob zeb (3Al2O3·2SiO2) thaum rhuab tsis tu ncua. Yinglai pob zeb muaj cov kua qaub zoo rau alkaline slag. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vim qhov nce ntawm alumina cov ntsiab lus hauv cov av nplaum refractory, nws cov acidity maj mam tsis muaj zog. Thaum lub alumina nce mus txog 50 feem pua, nws yuav tshwm alkaline los yog nruab nrab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws yog ib tug av nplaum cib ua nyob rau hauv ultra-siab siab. Nws muaj siab ceev, fineness thiab compactness, thiab tsawg porosity. Nws yog resistant rau alkaline slag dua silica nyob rau hauv kub kub. Inlaid pob zeb kuj qeeb heev nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nws yaig, yog li peb xav tias nws yog tsim nyog los faib refractory av nplaum raws li ib tug semi-acid raw khoom. Refractory av nplaum yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab dav siv raw khoom hauv kev lag luam refractory.
2. Cov khoom siv tsis zoo
Cov khoom siv nruab nrab feem ntau yog chromite, graphite, thiab silicon carbide (tsim), uas tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg nrog acidic lossis alkaline slag nyob rau hauv txhua qhov kub thiab txias. Tam sim no muaj ob yam khoom siv raw hauv qhov, chromite thiab graphite. Ntxiv nrog rau ntuj graphite, kuj muaj cov khoom siv graphite. Cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab no muaj qhov tseem ceeb tiv thaiv slag, thiab yog qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau kev siv los ua interlayers rau alkaline refractory cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv acidic refractory.
3. Alkaline refractory raw khoom
Feem ntau yog magnesite (magnesite), dolomite, txiv qaub, olivine, serpentine, siab alumina raw cov ntaub ntawv (qee zaum nruab nrab), cov ntaub ntawv raw muaj zog tiv thaiv alkaline slag, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau masonry tsim lub alkaline rauv, tab sis nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yooj yim rau chemically react nrog acidic slag thiab ua ntsev.
Cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb refractory: feem ntau yog zirconia, titanium oxide, beryllium oxide, cerium oxide, thorium oxide, yttrium oxide, thiab lwm yam. siv hauv kev lag luam refractory, thiab tsuas yog siv tau tshwj xeeb, yog li lawv feem ntau hu ua cov khoom siv raw khoom tshwj xeeb refractory.
4. Silicon raw khoom
Piv txwv li: quartz, tridymite, cristobalite, chalcedony, flint, opal, quartzite, dawb silica xuab zeb, diatomaceous ntiaj teb, cov siliceous raw cov ntaub ntawv muaj tsawg kawg yog 90 feem pua ​​ntawm silicon oxide (SiO2), ntshiab raw cov ntaub ntawv muaj xws li silicon oxide mus txog 99 feem pua. los yog ntau dua. Siliceous raw cov ntaub ntawv yog acidic nyob rau hauv high kub tshuaj dynamics. Thaum cov hlau oxides muaj nyob los yog tiv tauj nrog lawv, lawv yuav hnov ​​​​mob chemical thiab ua ke los ua fusible silicates. Yog li ntawd, yog tias cov khoom siv silicon muaj me me ntawm cov hlau oxide, nws cov cua sov yuav cuam tshuam loj heev.
Al2O3-SiO2 series refractory raw cov ntaub ntawv: silica, semi-siliceous av nplaum (xws li pyrophyllite), refractory av nplaum (xws li kaolinite) thiab nws cov clinker, bauxite (muaj sillimanite minerals, diaspore, molybdenum) tuaj pob zeb, thiab nws cov clinker. corundum thiab industrial alumina, thiab lwm yam.
Alkaline refractory raw cov ntaub ntawv: calcined cov ntaub ntawv xws li limestone, dolomite, magnesite, brucite, forsterite, thiab lwm yam los yog hluav taws xob fusion cov ntaub ntawv, magnesium aluminium spinel, magnesium chrome spinel xuab zeb, thiab lwm yam.
Lwm cov ntaub ntawv refractory: zircon (xws li zirconia), chromite, carbides, graphite, nitrides thiab borides, thiab lwm yam.
Thaum tshav kub kub rwb thaiv tsev refractory raw cov ntaub ntawv: perlite, vermiculite, diatomite, ntxhia wool, floating hlaws, refractory fibers thiab hollow pob, thiab lwm yam.